O’Brien, who explains the world of 1984:
“The real power, the power we have to fight for night and day, is not power over things, but over men.’ Then asks Winston; ‘How does one man assert his power over another…”,
Winston thought. ‘By making him suffer,’ he said.
‘Exactly. By making him suffer. Obedience is not enough. Unless he is suffering, how can you be sure that he is obeying your will and not his own?”
Winston elaborates; ” Power is in inflicting pain and humiliation. Power is in tearing human minds to pieces and putting them together again in new shapes of your own choosing.”
Power: “…is the exact opposite of the stupid hedonistic Utopias that the old reformers imagined. “